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1\u3001\u5b9e\u4f53\u8054\u7cfb\u6a21\u578b(E-R\u6a21\u578b)\u7b2c\u7b2c3\u7ae0\u7ae0 \u5b9e\u4f53\u8054\u7cfb\u6a21\u578b\uff08\u5b9e\u4f53\u8054\u7cfb\u6a21\u578b\uff08E-R\u6a21\u578b\uff09\u6a21\u578b\uff09 \u672c\u7ae0\u8981\u70b9\uff1a \u4e09\u4e2a\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u6982\u5ff5 E-R\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u8981\u7d20\u5b9e\u4f53\u3001\u5c5e\u6027\u3001\u8054\u7cfb E-R\u6a21\u578b\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u5173\u7cfb\u6a21\u5f0f\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u5b9e\u4f53\u8054\u7cfb\u6a21\u578b(E-R\u6a21\u578b)3.1 ER\u6a21\u578b 3.1.1 \u4e09\u4e2a\u4e16\u754c\u4e09\u4e2a\u4e16\u754c \u6982\u5ff5\u6a21\u578b:\u628a\u73b0\u5b9e\u4e16\u754c\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u4fe1\u606f\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u6a21\u578b,E-R\u6a21\u578b\u5b9e\u65bd\u6a21\u578b:\u628a\u4fe1\u606f\u4e16\u754c\u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a\u6570\u636e\u4e16\u754c\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u6a21\u578b,\u5173\u7cfb\u6a21\u578b\u4e8b\u7269\u7c7b\u4e8b\u7269\u6027\u8d28\u5b9e\u4f53\u96c6\u5b9e\u4f53\u5c5e\u6027\u6587\u4ef6\u8bb0\u5f55\u6570\u636e\u9879\u73b0\u5b9e\u4e16\u754c\u4fe1\u606f\u4e16\u754c\u6570\u636e\u4e16\u754c\u5b9e\u4f53\u8054\u7cfb\u6a21\u578b(E-R\u6a21\u578b)3.1.2 E-R\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u7ec4\u6210\u8981\u7d20\u53ca\u8868\u793a\u65b9\u6cd5\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u7ec4\u6210\u8981\u7d20\u53ca\u8868\u793a\u65b9\u6cd5 1E-R\u56fe\u7684\u7ec4\u6210\u8981\u7d20\u53ca\u5176\u753b\u6cd5\u5b9e\u4f53\u540d\u8054\u7cfb\u540d\u5c5e\u6027\u540d\u5b9e\u4f53\u8868\u793a\u5c5e\u6027\u8868\u793a\u8054\u7cfb\u8868\u793a\u5b9e\u4f53\u8054\u7cfb<\/p>\n
2\u3001\u6a21\u578b(E-R\u6a21\u578b)3.1.2 E-R\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u7ec4\u6210\u8981\u7d20\u53ca\u8868\u793a\u65b9\u6cd5\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u7ec4\u6210\u8981\u7d20\u53ca\u8868\u793a\u65b9\u6cd5 2\u5b9e\u4f53\u95f4\u4e0d\u540c\u8054\u7cfb\u60c5\u51b5\u7684E-R\u56fe\u8868\u793a\u6cd5\u8054\u7cfb\u5206\u4e3a:\u4e00\u5bf9\u4e00(1:1)\u3001\u4e00\u5bf9\u591a(1:n)\u3001\u591a\u5bf9\u591a(m:n)\u3010\u4f8b3-1 \u3011\u4e24\u4e2a\u5b9e\u4f53\u96c6\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u4e00\u5bf9\u4e00\u7684\u8054\u7cfb\u7684\u7ed8\u5236\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u5047\u8bbe\u67d0\u5b66\u9662\u6709\u82e5\u5e72\u4e2a\u7cfb\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7cfb\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e3b\u4efb\u3002\u5219\u4e3b\u4efb\u548c\u7cfb\u4e4b\u95f4\u662f\u4e00\u5bf9\u4e00\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u4e3b\u4efb\u548c\u7cfb\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\u5206\u522b\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a \u4e3b\u4efb\u7f16\u53f7\uff0c\u59d3\u540d\uff0c\u5e74\u9f84\uff0c\u5b66\u5386; \u7cfb\u7cfb\u7f16\u53f7\uff0c\u7cfb\u540d \u4e3b\u4efb\u548c\u7cfb\u4e4b\u95f4\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ba1\u7406\u5173\u7cfb \u5b9e\u4f53\u8054\u7cfb\u6a21\u578b(E-R\u6a21\u578b)\u89e3\uff1a\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e3b\u4efb\u548c\u7cfb\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684E-R\u56fe\u53ef\u5982\u4e0b\u56fe\uff1a 1\u4e3b\u4efb\u7cfb\u7ba1\u74061\u59d3\u540d\u5e74\u9f84\u5b66\u5386\u7f16\u53f7\u7cfb\u7f16\u53f7\u7cfb\u540d\u4efb\u804c\u65f6\u95f4\u5b9e\u4f53\u8054\u7cfb\u6a21\u578b(E-R\u6a21\u578b)\u3010\u4f8b 3-2\u3011\u4e24\u4e2a\u5b9e\u4f53\u96c6\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u4e00\u5bf9\u591a\u7684\u8054\u7cfb\u7684\u7ed8\u5236<\/p>\n
3\u3001\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002 \u5047\u8bbe\u5728\u67d0\u4ed3\u5e93\u7ba1\u7406\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u5b9e\u4f53\u96c6\uff1a\u4ed3\u5e93\u548c\u5546\u54c1\u3002\u4ed3\u5e93\u7528\u6765\u5b58\u653e\u5546\u54c1\uff0c\u4e14\u89c4\u5b9a\u4e00\u7c7b\u5546\u54c1\u53ea\u80fd\u5b58\u653e\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u4ed3\u5e93\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u4ed3\u5e93\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b58\u653e\u591a\u4ef6\u5546\u54c1\u3002\u4ed3\u5e93\u548c\u5546\u54c1\u4e4b\u95f4\u662f\u4e00\u5bf9\u591a\u7684\u8054\u7cfb\u3002\u4ed3\u5e93\u548c\u5546\u54c1\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\u5206\u522b\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a \u4ed3\u5e93\u4ed3\u5e93\u53f7\uff0c\u5730\u70b9\uff0c\u9762\u79ef\u8054\u5355 \u5546\u54c1\u5546\u54c1\u53f7\uff0c\u5546\u54c1\u540d\uff0c\u4ef7\u683c \u5728\u5b58\u653e\u8054\u7cfb\u4e2d\u8981\u53cd\u6620\u51fa\u5b58\u653e\u5546\u54c1\u7684\u6570\u91cf\u3002 \u5b9e\u4f53\u8054\u7cfb\u6a21\u578b(E-R\u6a21\u578b)\u89e3\uff1a\u63cf\u8ff0\u4ed3\u5e93\u548c\u5546\u54c1\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684E-R\u56fe\u53ef\u5982\u4e0b\u56fe\u6240\u793a 1\u4ed3\u5e93\u5546\u54c1\u5b58\u653en\u5730\u70b9\u9762\u79ef\u4ed3\u5e93\u53f7\u5546\u54c1\u53f7\u4ef7\u683c\u6570\u91cf\u5546\u54c1\u540d\u5b9e\u4f53\u8054\u7cfb\u6a21\u578b(E-R\u6a21\u578b)\u3010\u4f8b3-3\u3011\u4e24\u4e2a\u5b9e\u4f53\u96c6\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u591a\u5bf9\u591a\u7684\u8054\u7cfb\u7684\u7ed8\u5236\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002 \u5047\u8bbe\u5728\u67d0\u6559\u52a1\u7ba1\u7406\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u6559\u5e08\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e0a\u591a\u95e8\u8bfe\uff0c\u4e00\u95e8\u8bfe\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u7531\u591a\u4e2a\u8001\u5e08\u53bb\u4e0a\u3002\u6559\u5e08\u548c\u8bfe\u7a0b\u4e4b\u95f4\u662f\u591a\u5bf9\u591a\u7684\u8054\u7cfb\u3002\u6559\u5e08\u548c<\/p>\n
4\u3001\u8bfe\u7a0b\u53ef\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5c5e\u6027\u6765\u63cf\u8ff0\uff1a \u6559\u5e08\u6559\u5e08\u53f7\uff0c\u6559\u5e08\u540d\uff0c\u804c\u79f0 \u8bfe\u7a0b\u8bfe\u7a0b\u53f7\uff0c\u8bfe\u7a0b\u540d\uff0c\u73ed\u7ea7 \u5728\u201c\u8bb2\u6388\u201d\u8054\u7cfb\u4e2d\u5e94\u80fd\u53cd\u6620\u51fa\u6559\u5e08\u7684\u6388\u8bfe\u8d28\u91cf\u3002 \u5b9e\u4f53\u8054\u7cfb\u6a21\u578b(E-R\u6a21\u578b)\u89e3\uff1a\u63cf\u8ff0\u6559\u5e08\u548c\u8bfe\u7a0b\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684E-R\u56fe\u53ef\u5982\u4e0b\u56fe\u6240\u793a\u3002 m\u6559\u5e08\u8bfe\u7a0b\u8bb2\u6388n\u6559\u5e08\u540d\u804c\u79f0\u6559\u5e08\u53f7\u8bfe\u7a0b\u53f7\u73ed\u7ea7\u8d28\u91cf\u8bfe\u7a0b\u540d\u5b9e\u4f53\u8054\u7cfb\u6a21\u578b(E-R\u6a21\u578b)3.2 ER\u56fe\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u65b9\u6cd5 E-R\u56fe\u901a\u5e38\u90fd\u5e94\u7ecf\u8fc7\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4e24\u4e2a\u9636\u6bb5\uff1a \uff081\uff09\u9488\u5bf9\u6bcf\u4e00\u7528\u6237\u753b\u51fa\u8be5\u7528\u6237\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u5c40\u90e8ER\u56fe\uff0c\u786e\u5b9a\u8be5\u7528\u6237\u89c6\u56fe\u7684\u5b9e\u4f53\u3001\u5c5e\u6027\u548c\u8054\u7cfb\u3002\u9700\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff1a\u80fd\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5c5e\u6027\u7684\u5c31\u4e0d\u8981\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5b9e\u4f53\uff0c\u8fd9\u6709\u5229\u4e8eER\u56fe\u7684\u7b80\u5316\u3002 \uff082\uff09\u7efc\u5408\u5c40\u90e8ER\u56fe\uff0c\u751f\u6210\u603b\u4f53ER\u56fe\u3002\u5728\u7efc\u5408\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u540c\u540d\u5b9e\u4f53\u53ea\u80fd\u51fa\u73b0\u4e00\u6b21\uff0c\u8fd8\u8981\u53bb\u6389\u4e0d\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u8054\u7cfb\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u6d88\u9664\u5197\u4f59\u3002\u4e00\u822c\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c<\/p>\n
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